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2.
São Paulo; BIREME/OPAS/OMS; Fev 2023. 24 p.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | PIE, LILACS, MTYCI | ID: biblio-1435832

ABSTRACT

O mapa apresenta uma visão geral das evidências sobre os efeitos da Medicina Antroposófica, referida na PNPIC como Antroposofia Aplicada à Saúde, em função de sua natureza multiprofissional. A partir de uma ampla busca bibliográfica foram incluídos no mapa 33 estudos de revisão que analisaram o efeito de intervenções com medicamentos antroposóficos, terapias antroposóficas e terapias multimodais para desfechos clínicos. No mapa estão representadas 63 associações entre 5 tipos de intervenções e 19 desfechos clínicos, com indicação do efeito reportado e nível de confiança da evidência reportada nos estudos. Principais Achados: • As intervenções foram organizadas em três grupos: Medicamentos Antroposóficos (Viscum album ­ 22 revisões e Outros medicamentos ­ 4 revisões), Terapias Antroposóficas (Euritmia ­ 2 revisões e Outras terapias ­ 1 revisão) e Terapias Multimodais (Em Geral ­ 4 revisões). • As intervenções foram associadas a 19 desfechos ordenados em cinco grupos: Bem-estar e Qualidade de Vida, Câncer, Atenção à Saúde, Indicadores Fisiológicos e Metabólicos e Outras Condições Patológicas. • A maioria das associações foi para o grupo de desfecho Câncer, seguido pelo grupo Bem-estar e Qualidade de Vida. Dentre os desfechos, destaque para: Qualidade de Vida (12 revisões), Sobrevida (9 revisões), Segurança do Paciente (8 revisões) e Sintomas de Quimioterapia e Radioterapia (7 revisões). • Dentre as intervenções, a maioria das associações foi para Viscum album (48 associações). • As intervenções multimodais, outros medicamentos, Euritmia e outras terapias foram associadas aos desfechos: Resultado do tratamento (5 associações), Satisfação e Segurança do paciente (2 associações cada), Infecções respiratórias (3 associações), Coordenação cardiorrespiratória, Transtornos gastrointestinais e Edema (1 associação cada). Implicações para a prática e pesquisa: • Considerando os efeitos positivos reportados (em 27 associações), destaque para o uso de medicamento antroposófico Viscum album (19 associações) para os desfechos Qualidade de Vida, Segurança do Paciente e Sintomas de Quimioterapia e Radioterapia. • Quanto aos efeitos potencialmente positivos (em 21 associações), a maioria foi associado ao Viscum album (18 associações) para os desfechos: Sobrevida ao câncer, Sintomas de Quimioterapia e Radioterapia e Qualidade de Vida. • Identificaram-se efeitos inconclusivos em 15 associações para 11 diferentes desfechos, o que sugere uma necessidade de novos estudos primários sobre intervenções com medicamentos e terapias antroposóficas. • Não foram identificados estudos com ausência de efeito ou efeitos negativos.


Subject(s)
Viscum album , Anthroposophy , Biomarkers , Treatment Outcome , Delivery of Health Care , Neoplasms
3.
São Paulo; BIREME/OPAS/OMS; Fev 2023. 24 p.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | MTYCI, LILACS, PIE | ID: biblio-1435829

ABSTRACT

The map provides an overview of the evidence on the effects of Anthroposophic Medicine, referred to in the National Policy on Integrative and Complementary Practices (PNPIC) as applied Anthroposophy in Health, due to its multiprofessional nature. Based on an extensive literature search, the map includes 33 review studies that analyzed the effects of interventions with anthroposophic medicines, anthroposophic therapies, and multimodal therapies on clinical outcomes. The map represents 63 associations between 5 types of interventions and 19 clinical outcomes, indicating the reported effect and level of confidence in the evidence reported in the studies. Key Findings: • The interventions were organized into three groups: Anthroposophic Medicines (Viscum album - 22 reviews and Other medicines - 4 reviews), Anthroposophic Therapies (Eurythmy - 2 reviews and Other therapies - 1 review), and Multimodal Therapies (Overall - 4 reviews). • The interventions were associated with 19 outcomes grouped into five categories: Well-being and Quality of Life, Cancer, Healthcare, Physiological and Metabolic Indicators, and other Pathological Conditions. • The majority of associations were found in the Cancer outcome group, followed by the Well-being and Quality of Life group. Notable outcomes included Quality of Life (12 reviews), Survival (9 reviews), Patient Safety (8 reviews), and Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy Symptoms (7 reviews). • Among the interventions, the majority of associations were related to Viscum album (48 associations). • Multimodal interventions, other medicines, eurythmy, and other therapies were associated with outcomes such as Treatment Outcome (5 associations), Patient Satisfaction and Safety (2 associations each), Respiratory Infections (3 associations), Cardiorespiratory Coordination, Gastrointestinal Disorders, and Edema (1 association each). Implications for Practice and Research: • Considering the reported positive effects (in 27 associations), the use of anthroposophic medicines Viscum album (19 associations) stands out for Quality of Life, Patient Safety, and Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy Symptoms outcomes. • Regarding potentially positive effects (in 21 associations), the majority were associated with Viscum album (18 associations) for Cancer Survival, Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy Symptoms, and Quality of Life outcomes. • Inconclusive effects were identified in 15 associations for 11 different outcomes, suggesting a need for further primary studies on interventions with anthroposophic medicines and therapies. • No studies were identified with no effect or negative effects.


Subject(s)
Viscum album , Anthroposophy , Treatment Outcome
4.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 29(4): 491-494, July-Aug. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1042278

ABSTRACT

Abstract Bioassay-guided fractionation of Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth, Fabaceae, extracts has led to the isolation of cathepsin V inhibitors. The investigation of the hexane and ethyl acetate extracts allowed the characterization of eleven compounds: lupeol, lupenone, β-sitosterol and stigmasterol in mixture, trans p-coumaric acid ester derivative, syringaresinol, bowdenol, 8-methoxycoumestrol, 3,4-hydroxy-7-methoxyisoflavone, 7,3′-dihydroxy-4′-methoxyisoflavone, and 5,4′-dihydroxy-7′-methoxyisoflavone. Structures of compounds were stablished by 1D and 2D NMR, and MS experiments. Among the isolated compounds, trans p-coumaric acid ester derivative and 8-methoxycoumestrol showed significant inhibition on cathepsin V, which is up to now unexplored.

5.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 25(3): 258-262, May-June 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1013637

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objectives To determine the incidence and intensity of pain and the areas most affected by injuries with musculoskeletal pain, and the incidence and severity of "injuries defined by time of leave" in games and training of soccer referees in a triennium. Methods An interview was conducted with 257 referees using a web application. With this tool, a monthly evaluation form was sent to the referees with questions that measured the incidence, location, and pain intensity of injuries with complaints of pain and time of leave, severity in games and training in the years 2012, 2013, and 2014. The numerical pain scale was used to classify the pain intensity of the lesions with pain complaint. Results There was no difference between the years studied in relation to injuries with pain complaints, both in games and in training. Mean values were 37.8/1,000 hours in games and 39.9/1,000 hours in training, with a mean incidence of " injuries defined by time of leave" of 3.7/1,000 hours in games. The difference was significantly higher in 2013 compared to 2012 and 2014, and in training, the average incidence was 3.5/1,000 hours, with a significantly higher difference in 2012 compared to 2013 and 2014. Conclusion Lesions with pain complaints did not present a significant difference in games compared to training; in the lesions by time of leave, the incidence in games was higher than in training, and the most frequent type of injury was low-degree muscle pain, predominantly in the thigh and triceps surae. Level of Evidence II; Prognostic Study - Investigating the Effect of Patient Characteristics on Disease Outcome.


RESUMO Objetivos Determinar a incidência e a intensidade álgica e os locais mais acometidos por lesões com dor musculoesquelética e incidência e gravidade das "lesões definidas por tempo de afastamento" em jogos e treinos de árbitros de futebol, em um triênio. Métodos Foram entrevistados 257 árbitros utilizando-se um aplicativo da web. Com essa ferramenta, foi enviada aos árbitros uma ficha de avaliação mensal com questões que mediam incidência, localização e intensidade álgica das lesões com queixas de dor e por tempo de afastamento, gravidade em jogos e treinos nos anos de 2012, 2013 e 2014. Para classificar a intensidade álgica das lesões com queixas utilizou-se a escala numérica de dor. Resultados Não houve diferença entre os anos estudados com relação às lesões com queixas de dor, tanto em jogos quanto em treinos. Os valores médios foram de 37,8/1.000 horas em jogos e 39,9/1.000 horas em treinos e a incidência média de "lesões definidas por tempo de afastamento" de 3,7/1.000 horas em jogos. A diferença foi significantemente maior em 2013 com relação a 2012 e 2014 e, em treinos, a incidência média foi de 3,5/1.000 horas com diferença significantemente superior em 2012 com relação a 2013 e 2014. Conclusão As lesões com queixas de dor não apresentaram diferença significante em jogos comparados com treinos; nas lesões por tempo de afastamento, a incidência em jogos foi maior do que em treinos, e o tipo de lesão mais frequente foi a muscular de grau leve, predominando na coxa e no tríceps sural. Nível de evidência II, Estudos diagnósticos - Investigação de um exame para diagnóstico.


RESUMEN Objetivos Determinar la incidencia y la intensidad del dolor y los lugares más afectados por lesiones con dolor musculoesquelético e incidencia y gravedad de las "lesiones definidas por tiempo de licencia" en juegos y entrenamientos de árbitros de fútbol en un trienio. Métodos Fueron entrevistados 257 árbitros utilizando una aplicación de la web. Con esta herramienta, se envió a los árbitros una ficha de evaluación mensual con cuestiones que medían incidencia, localización, intensidad de las lesiones con quejas de dolor y por tiempo de licencia, gravedad en juegos y entrenamientos en los años 2012, 2013 y 2014. Para clasificar la intensidad del dolor de las lesiones con quejas se utilizó la escala numérica de dolor. Resultados No hubo diferencia entre los años estudiados en relación a las lesiones con quejas de dolor, tanto en juegos como en entrenamientos. Los valores promedio fueron de 37,8/1.000 horas en juegos y 39,9/1.000 horas en entrenamientos, siendo la incidencia media de "lesiones definidas por tiempo de licencia" de 3,7/1.000 horas en juegos. La diferencia fue significantemente mayor en 2013 con respecto a 2012 y 2014 y en los entrenamientos, la incidencia media fue de 3,5/1.000 horas con una diferencia significantemente superior en 2012 con respecto a 2013 y 2014. Conclusión Las lesiones con quejas de dolor no presentaron diferencia significativa en juegos comparados a los entrenamientos; en las lesiones por tiempo de licencia, la incidencia en juegos fue mayor que en entrenamientos, y el tipo de lesión más frecuente fue la muscular de grado leve, predominio en el muslo y tríceps sural. Nivel de evidencia II, Estudios de diagnósticos - Investigación de un examen para diagnóstico.

6.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 28(1): 27-32, jan.-mar. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-779997

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar a eficácia da manobra de hiperinsuflação pulmonar com o ventilador mecânico, em comparação à aspiração traqueal isolada, para remover secreções, normalizar a hemodinâmica e melhorar a mecânica pulmonar em pacientes em ventilação mecânica. Métodos: Ensaio clínico randomizado cruzado incluindo pacientes em ventilação mecânica por mais de 48 horas internados na unidade de terapia intensiva. Os pacientes foram randomizados para receber a aspiração traqueal isolada (Grupo Controle) e hiperinsuflação pulmonar por meio do ventilador mecânico (Grupo HVM). Mensuraram-se parâmetros hemodinâmicos e de mecânica respiratória, assim como a quantidade de secreção aspirada. Resultados: Foram incluídos 50 pacientes. A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 44,7 ± 21,6 anos, sendo 31 do sexo masculino. O Grupo HVM apresentou maior quantidade de secreção aspirada (3,9g versus 6,4g; p = 0,0001), variação na média da complacência dinâmica (-1,3 ± 2,3 versus -2,9 ± 2,3; p = 0,008), volume corrente expirado (-0,7 ± 0,0 versus -54,1 ± 38,8; p = 0,0001) e diminuição significativa da pressão inspiratória de pico (0,2 ± 0,1 versus 2,5 ± 0,1; p = 0,001), em comparação com o Grupo Controle. Conclusão: Na amostra estudada, a técnica de HVM apresentou maior quantidade de secreção aspirada, aumento significativo da complacência dinâmica e volume corrente expirado, além de diminuição significativa da pressão de pico inspiratória.


ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the efficacy of lung hyperinflation maneuvers via a mechanical ventilator compared to isolated tracheal aspiration for removing secretions, normalizing hemodynamics and improving lung mechanics in patients on mechanical ventilation. Methods: This was a randomized crossover clinical trial including patients admitted to the intensive care unit and on mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours. Patients were randomized to receive either isolated tracheal aspiration (Control Group) or lung hyperinflation by mechanical ventilator (MVH Group). Hemodynamic and mechanical respiratory parameters were measured along with the amount of aspirated secretions. Results: A total of 50 patients were included. The mean age of the patients was 44.7 ± 21.6 years, and 31 were male. Compared to the Control Group, the MVH Group showed greater aspirated secretion amount (3.9g versus 6.4g, p = 0.0001), variation in mean dynamic compliance (-1.3 ± 2.3 versus -2.9 ± 2.3; p = 0.008), and expired tidal volume (-0.7 ± 0.0 versus -54.1 ± 38.8, p = 0.0001) as well as a significant decrease in peak inspiratory pressure (0.2 ± 0.1 versus 2.5 ± 0.1; p = 0.001). Conclusion: In the studied sample, the MVH technique led to a greater amount of aspirated secretions, significant increases in dynamic compliance and expired tidal volume and a significant reduction in peak inspiratory pressure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Trachea/metabolism , Respiratory Mechanics/physiology , Lung/metabolism , Tidal Volume , Cross-Over Studies , Respiratory Aspiration/metabolism , Hemodynamics/physiology , Intensive Care Units , Middle Aged
7.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 25(5): 451-454, Sept.-Oct. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-765071

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACTThe antimicrobial activity of the myrsinoic acid A isolated from Myrsine coriacea (Sw.) R.Br. ex Roem. & Schult., Primulaceae, and a two semi-synthetics derivatives was tested against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus luteus, Candida albicans, Candida krusei and Candida tropicalis. The microdilution method was used for the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration during evaluation of the antimicrobial activity. The myrsinoic acid A showed no activity against the selected microorganisms but the hydrogenated and acetylated derivatives were active against B. subtilis, E. coli, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.

8.
Clín. int. j. braz. dent ; 11(1): 44-50, jan.-mar.2015. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-789779

ABSTRACT

As próteses livres de metal têm sido muito utilizadas na odontologia restauradora. Diferentes sistemas cerâmicos surgiram nos últimos anos com tecnologia de fabricação apurada e excelente qualidade estética. As cerâmicas reforçadas por óxido de zircônia têm sido indicadas na confecção de coroas totais e próteses fixas em dentes anteriores e posteriores. Em função da necessidade de se realizar uma cimentação adesiva eficiente, este trabalho tem por objetivo realizar uma revisão da literatura dos métodos de tratamento de superfície empregados para as cerâmicas reforçadas por óxido de zircônia previamente à cimentação adesiva...


Metal-free prostheses are extensively used in Restorative Dentistry. Different ceramic systems appeared in the last few years with accurate manufacturing technology and high aesthetic quality. Zirconium oxide-reinforced ceramics have been recommended for fabrication of fixed prostheses and full crowns, both for anterior and posterior teeth. The aim of this literature review was to address relevant aspects to achieve effective adhesive cementation of different surface treatment methods of zirconium-oxide reinforced ceramics, before adhesive cementation...


Subject(s)
Humans , Cementation , Ceramics , Dental Prosthesis
9.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 19(1): 1-7, Jan-Feb/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-741247

ABSTRACT

Background: the impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) on lung function is well known and associated with a reduction in pulmonary ventilation. Moreover, the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy has been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and decreased muscle strength. However, there is scarce information about the factors associated with inspiratory muscle weakness in these patients. Objective: the purpose of the present study was to investigate the factors associated with inspiratory muscle weakness in patients with HIV-1. Methods: two-hundred fifty seven patients with HIV-1 were screened and categorized into two groups: (1) IMW+ (n = 142) and (2) IMW-(n = 115). Lung function (FEV1, FVC and FEV1 /FVC), maximum inspiratory pressure, distance on the six-minute walk test and CD4 cell count were assessed. Results: the mean duration of HIV infection was similar in the two groups. The following variables were significantly different between groups: mean duration of highly active antiretroviral therapy (81 ± 12 in IMW+ versus 38 ± 13 months in IMW-; p = 0.01), and CD4 cell count (327 ± 88 in IMW+ versus 637 ± 97 cells/mm3 in IMW-; p = 0.02). IMW+ presented reduced lung function (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC). Conclusion: patients with IMW+ had lower distance on the six-minute walk test in comparison to the IMW- group. The duration of highly active antiretroviral therapy, distance traveled on the 6MWT and CD4 count were determinants of IMW in patients with HIV. .


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , HIV Infections/physiopathology , Muscle Weakness/physiopathology , Respiratory Muscles/physiopathology , Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects , Exercise Test , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV-1 , Random Allocation , Respiratory Function Tests , Risk Factors , Time Factors , Viral Load
10.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 73(4): 230-236, Jul-Aug/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-730582

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar se existe variação da PIO em doentes com glaucoma submetidos à cirurgia de catarata. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de 101 olhos, de 75 doentes com média de idade de 78,91 ± 7,9 anos submetidos à cirurgia de catarata por facoemulsificação por dois cirurgiões, sem complicações associadas e com follow-up superior a 6 meses. Os olhos foram subdivididos em dois grupos: olhos com glaucoma (G) e olhos sem glaucoma (SG). A PIO foi avaliada por tonometria de Goldmann. Resultados: Analisaram-se 51 olhos do grupo (SG) e 50 olhos do grupo (G). A PIO média nos dois grupos era no pré-operatório 16,08 ± 3,04, sendo aos 12 meses 14,69 ± 2,7 e aos 24 meses 14,21 ± 3,56. A diminuição média de PIO do pré-operatório para os 12 meses foi de 1,49 ± 2,98. A PIO pré-operatória apresentou uma diferença com significado estatístico da PIO aos 12 e 24 meses (p<0,001 e p=0,001, respectivamente T. t pares) na amostra global. Não se detectou uma diferença com significado estatístico na variação de PIO entre estes 2 grupos de olhos (p>0,05, teste T Student). Determinou-se um modelo de regressão linear stepwise para a variação de PIO do pré-operatório para os 12m. As variáveis com valor preditivo eram a PIO pré-operatória (R2=0,249, p=0,03), e a idade (R2=0,18, p=0,01). Conclusão: O nosso estudo revela que a cirurgia de catarata por facoemulsificação leva a uma diminuição significativa da PIO, que se mantém aos 12 e 24m. .


Objective: To describe the variation of intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with glaucoma submitted to cataract surgery. Methods: Retrospective study of 101 eyes of 75 patients with medium age of 78.91 ± 7.9 submitted to cataract surgery by facoemulsification by two surgeons, without complications and with at least 6 months of follow-up. The eyes were divided in two groups: eyes with glaucoma (G) and eyes without glaucoma (NG). The IOP was evaluated with Goldmann tonometry. Results: 51 eyes without glaucoma and 50 eyes with glaucoma. The medium IOP was 16.08 ± 3.04 before surgery, 14.69 ± 2.7 at 12 months and 14.21 ± 3.56 at 24 months. The medium value of IOP reduction before surgery to 12 months was 1.49 ± 2.98. IOP measured before surgery differed statistically from IOP at 12 and 24 months (p<0.001 e p=0.001 respectively, T. Student). Between the two groups of eyes there wasn’t a statistically significant difference in the variation of IOP (p>0.05, T Student). A model of linear regression stepwise was calculated for the variation of the IOP from before surgery to 12 months. The variables with more predictive value were IOP before surgery (R2=0.249, p=0.03) and age (R2=0.18, p=0.01). Conclusion: In our study cataract surgery results in IOP reduction, that is maintained at 12 months. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Cataract Extraction/methods , Phacoemulsification/methods , Intraocular Pressure/physiology , Tonometry, Ocular , Visual Acuity , Glaucoma/physiopathology , Predictive Value of Tests , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Lens Implantation, Intraocular , Axial Length, Eye
11.
Clín. int. j. braz. dent ; 10(2): 138-144, abr. -jun. 2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-724745

ABSTRACT

A função e a estética dentária podem ser comprometidas por traumas, alterações na cor, no tamanho ou forma dos dentes. As fraturas em dentes anteriores podem comprometer a vitalidade pulpar e a resistência do remanescente dentário. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso clínico de fratura dental de esmalte e dentina com envolvimento endodôntico no dente 21. A reabilitação estética e funcional envolveu a cimentação de um pino de fibra de vidro e colagem do fragmento dentário com resina composta, restabelecendo a estética e a função mastigatória


Dental function and esthetics may be compromised by trauma or changes in color, size or shape of teeth. Fractures of the anterior teeth may compromise the pulp vitality and the resistance of the remaining tooth. The aim of this study is to report a case of a dental fracture of enamel and dentin in a tooth endodontic involvement. The esthetic and functional rehabilitation involved the cementing of a fiberglass post and the bonding of a dental fragment with composite resin for the reestablishment of esthetics and the masticatory function


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Composite Resins , Dental Pins , Esthetics, Dental , Tooth Fractures
12.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 57(2): 178-186, Mar.-Apr. 2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-705743

ABSTRACT

The objective of this work was to use a partial diallel to evaluate the combining ability of 14 soybean genotypes and recommend superior combinations. Seven of the genotypes had high oil yield; other seven exhibited tolerance to sudden death syndrome and they generated 49 hybrids in a diallel cross without reciprocals. F2plants of each cross and the parents were evaluated for the following traits: number of days to maturity (NDM), oil content in the seeds (OC), grain yield (GY) and oil yield (OY). The results indicated the existence of genetic variability in the parents and progeny for all the traits. The rank of the parents based on the means was similar to the rank based on general combining ability (GCA) for all the traits. The specific combining ability (SCA) and the GCA were significant for all the traits, with a predominance of additive effects. The parent with the highest GCA and mean for OC was the cultivar A 7002; on the other hand, the lowest values were found in PI 520733 and IAC 100. The crosses with the highest oil yields were those involving parent A 7002, except when it was crossed with IAC 100.

13.
Ciênc. rural ; 44(2): 368-373, fev. 2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-701353

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar as perdas fermentativas, composição bromatológica e digestibilidade in vitro da matéria orgânica de silagens de milho produzidas em diferentes estádios de maturidade, inoculadas microbiologicamente. Aplicaram-se dois inoculantes comerciais nas silagens produzidas nos estádios SLL, 1/3 LL, 1/2 LL, 2/3 LL e CN, permanecendo ainda um tratamento sem inoculação (silagem controle), configurando um esquema fatorial 3x5. A inoculação com BAL resultou em menores perdas fermentativas (P=0,0348), ao passo que silagens produzidas com plantas mais secas também apresentam menores perdas de MS (P<0,01). A inoculação das silagens resultou em maiores concentrações de PB nas silagens produzidas nos estádios SLL, 2/3 LL e CN (P=0,0033). O uso do inoculante Maize All® resultou em menor concentração de FDN (P=0,0140) no estádio CN e acréscimo dos coeficientes de DIVMO quando as plantas foram colhidas com 2/3 LL e CN (P=0,0006). As perdas fermentativas diminuem devido à utilização dos inoculantes bacterianos e também em silagens produzidas com plantas mais secas. A aplicação de bactérias ácido-láticas (inoculante Maize All®) em silagens de milho produzidas com plantas em estádio de maturidade mais avançado melhora a composição química e digestibilidade in vitro.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the fermentative losses, chemical composition and in vitro organic matter digestibility of corn silages produced in different maturity stages microbiologically inoculated. Two commercial inoculants were applied in the silages produced in stages SLL, 1/3 LL, 1/2 LL, 2/3 LL and CN, remaining an uninoculated treatment (control silage), illustrating a factorial scheme 3 x 5. The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculation resulted in lower fermentative losses (P=0.0348), whereas silages produced with dried plants present lower DM losses (P<0.01). Because of inoculant application, there was higher concentrations of CP in the silages produced in stages SLL, 2/3 LL and CN (P=0.0033) and concentration lower of NDF (P=0.0140) in CN stage because of the Maize All® inoculant. This inoculant provided increase in the IVOMD coefficients when the plants were harvested with 2/3 LL and CN (P= 0.0006). Fermentative losses decreased because of the use of microbial inoculants, and this fact it is also observed in silages produced with dried plants. Application of lactic acid bacteria (Maize All® inoculant) in corn silages produced with plants harvested in more advanced stages of maturity improve the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility.

14.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 19(1): 83-92, jan. 2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-702690

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever a metodologia do Registo Nacional de Controlo do Peso e descrever os participantes quanto à sua história individual e familiar relacionada com o peso, tentativas anteriores de redução deste e caraterização psicossocial. A amostra inclui 198 adultos (idade: 39,7 ± 11,1anos; IMC: 26,0 ± 3,9kg/m2), 59% mulheres, que completaram um questionário abordando questões demográficas, motivações e atitudes, e estratégias de perda e de manutenção do peso. Os participantes reportaram uma perda do peso média de 17,4kg e uma duração média de manutenção do peso perdido de 29 meses. Relativamente ao número de tentativas de redução do peso reportadas, 73% indicou ter iniciado uma dieta no máximo por três vezes e 34% reportou ter tentado perder peso apenas uma vez no passado. Este estudo irá permitir conhecer com mais detalhe e representatividade as caraterísticas e as estratégias adoptadas por estas pessoas bem sucedidas na manutenção do peso perdido no longo prazo e contribuir para identificar variáveis preditoras da gestão bem sucedida do peso a longo prazo. .


The scope of this article is to describe the Portuguese Weight Control Registry (PWCR) methodology and the participants currently enrolled specifically with respect to their individual and family weight history, previous weight loss attempts, and psychosocial characteristics. One hundred and ninety-eight adults (age: 39.7±11.1 years; BMI: 26.0±3.9 kg/m2), 59% women, filled out a questionnaire about demographics, health-related behaviors and motivation, and methods and strategies used to lose and/or maintain weight loss. Participants reported an average weight loss of 17.4 kg for an average of 29 months. Concerning the number of weight loss attempts, 73% of participants reported a maximum of three attempts of going on a diet, and 34% indicated only one attempt to lose weight in the past. The PWCR now features a considerable number of successful long-term weight loss maintainers in Portugal. Participants will be followed over the next years to learn about their characteristics and weight loss strategies in further detail, as well as to identify predictors of continued weight loss maintenance. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Weight Loss , Body Weight , Obesity/psychology , Obesity/therapy , Portugal , Registries
16.
Braz. j. phys. ther. (Impr.) ; 17(3): 281-288, jun. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-680653

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Interferential electrical stimulation (IES), which may be linked to greater penetration of deep tissue, may restore blood flow by sympathetic nervous modulation; however, studies have found no association between the frequency and duration of the application and blood flow. We hypothesized that 30 min of IES applied to the ganglion stellate region might improve blood flow redistribution. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of IES on metaboreflex activation in healthy individuals. METHOD: Interferential electrical stimulation or a placebo stimulus (same protocol without electrical output) was applied to the stellate ganglion region in eleven healthy subjects (age 25±1.3 years) prior to exercise. Mean blood pressure (MBP), heart rate (HR), calf blood flow (CBF) and calf vascular resistance (CVR) were measured throughout exercise protocols (submaximal static handgrip exercise) and with recovery periods with or without postexercise circulatory occlusion (PECO+ and PECO -, respectively). Muscle metaboreflex control of calf vascular resistance was estimated by subtracting the area under the curve when circulation was occluded from the area under the curve from the AUC without circulatory occlusion. RESULTS: At peak exercise, increases in mean blood pressure were attenuated by IES (p<0.05), and the effect persisted under both the PECO+ and PECO- treatments. IES promoted higher CBF and lower CVR during exercise and recovery. Likewise, IES induced a reduction in the estimated muscle metaboreflex control (placebo, 21±5 units vs. IES, 6±3, p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Acute application of IES prior to exercise attenuates the increase in blood pressure and vasoconstriction during exercise and metaboreflex activation in healthy subjects. .


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Electric Stimulation/methods , Regional Blood Flow , Vasodilation/physiology , Cross-Over Studies , Hemodynamics/physiology
17.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 54(1): 61-66, Jan.-Feb. 2011. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-576759

ABSTRACT

The dichloromethane extract of Almeidea coerulea stems yielded the (11-hydroxyrutaecarpine alkaloid reported for the first time from this species) and the triterpene (28-hydroxy-28, 29-dihydrolupeol). The dictamine, skimianine, sitosterol and stigmasterol were also isolated from methanol extract. Extracellular forms of Leishmania amazonensis (promastigotes) was tested with dichloromethane extract and 28-hydroxy-28, 29-dihydrolupeol with showed anti-leishmanial activity above 0.1 mg/mL and 75µg/mL (inhibited 50 percent promastigote growth), respectively.

18.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 22(2): 103-111, abr.-jun. 2010. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-553447

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o conhecimento médico sobre as técnicas de intubação e identificar as práticas mais realizadas. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo, envolvendo três diferentes unidades de terapia intensiva de um hospital universitário: da anestesiologia (ANEST), da pneumologia (PNEUMO) e do pronto socorro (PS). Todos os médicos que trabalham nessas unidades e que concordaram em participar do estudo, responderam um questionário contendo dados demográficos e questões sobre intubação orotraqueal. RESULTADOS: Foram obtidos 85 questionários (90,42 por cento dos médicos). ANEST teve maior média de idade (p = 0,001), com 43,5 por cento sendo intensivistas. Foi referido uso da associação hipnótico e opióide (97,6 por cento) e pré oxigenação (91,8 por cento), mas apenas 44,6 por cento referiram utilização de coxim suboccipital, sem diferença entre as UTIs. Na ANEST, referiu-se maior uso de bloqueador neuromuscular (p < 0,000) e maior cuidado com estômago cheio (p = 0,002). O conhecimento sobre sequência rápida foi restrito (nota média - 2,20 ± 0,89, com p = 0,6 entre as unidades de terapia intensiva. A manobra de Sellick era conhecida por (97,6 por cento), mas 72 por cento usaram-na inapropriadamente. CONCLUSÕES: O conhecimento médico sobre intubação orotraqueal em terapia intensiva não é satisfatório, mesmo entre profissionais qualificados para tal procedimento. É necessário avaliar se há concordância entre as respostas dos questionários e as práticas clínicas efetivamente adotadas.


OBJECTIVES: To assess the physician’s knowledge on intubation techniques and to identify the common practices. METHODS: This was a prospective study, involving three different intensive care units within a University hospital: Anesthesiology (ANEST), Pulmonology (PULMO) and Emergency Department (ED). All physicians working in these units and consenting to participate in the study completed a questionnaire with their demographic data and questions on orotracheal intubation. RESULTS: 85 completed questionnaires were retrieved (90.42 percent of the physicians). ANEST had the higher mean age (p=0.001), being 43.5 percent of them intensivists. The use of hypnotic and opioid association was reported by 97.6 percent, and pre-oxygenation by 91.8 percent, but only 44.6 percent reported sub-occipital pad use, with no difference between the ICUs. On ANEST an increased neuromuscular blockade use was reported (p<0.000) as well as increased caution with full stomach (p=0.002). The rapid sequence knowledge was restricted (mean 2.20 ± 0.89), p=0.06 between the different units. The Sellick maneuver was known by 97.6 percent, but 72 percent used it inappropriately. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians knowledge on orotracheal intubation in the intensive care unit is unsatisfactory, even among qualified professionals. It is necessary to check if the responses to the questionnaire and actual clinical practices agree.

19.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 20(1): 01-06, Jan.-Mar. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-551253

ABSTRACT

The activity of crude extracts of three Rapanea species (Myrsinaceae) and Cipadessa fruticosa (Meliaceae) was evaluated in vitro against the trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. Thirty-three extracts from different organs of these species were assayed and eleven of them showed significant activity (lysis percent >50). The fractionation of an active extract from branches of R. lancifolia (99.5 percent) led to the isolation of two flavonoids: quercetin and taxifolin, which have weak trypanocidal activity. Additionally, one active extract from fruits of C. fruticosa (97.7 percent) afforded mexicanolide limonoids: cipadesin, mexicanolide, febrifugin and cipadesin A, that were slightly active on T. cruzi. Moreover, other two flavonoids (flavone and 7-methoxyflavone), previously assayed against T. cruzi, were isolated from the hexane extract from branches of C. fruticosa (100 percent). The results presented here suggest that the plants evaluated could be a source of new active compounds against T. cruzi.


A atividade de extratos brutos de três espécies de Rapanea (Myrsinaceae) e de Cipadessa fruticosa (Meliaceae) foi avaliada in vitro contra formas tripomastigotas de Trypanosoma cruzi. Foram obtidos 33 extratos de diferentes órgãos das espécies estudadas, sendo que onze deles apresentaram atividades significantes ( por cento de lise > 50) nos ensaios realizados. O fracionamento de um extrato ativo dos galhos de R. lancifolia (99,5 por cento) resultou no isolamento de dois flavonoides (quercetina e taxifolina), que apresentaram baixa atividade tripanocida. De um extrato ativo dos frutos de C. fruticosa (97,7 por cento) foram isolados os limonoides mexicanolídeos cipadesina, mexicanolídeo, febrifugina e cipadesina A, que foram moderadamente ativos sobre T. cruzi. Além disso, outros dois flavonoides (flavona e 7-metoxiflavona), previamente ensaiados contra T. cruzi, foram isolados do extrato hexânico dos galhos de C. fruticosa (100 por cento). Os resultados obtidos aqui sugerem que as plantas avaliadas podem constituir fontes de novas substâncias ativas sobre o T. cruzi.

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